In this career series article, developing personal training skills to train special populations is discussed; it includes starting out as a novice through the expert level.

Nearly all fitness professionals are forced to address low back pain (LBP) to some extent, regardless of the age or population with which they work. The purpose of this article is to shed light on contemporary research surrounding LBP.

This article will provide some conditions and standards with specific tools personal trainers may consider using in their initial interview with potential clients.